Water is one of the essential items which a human need for its survival. Along with being a basic need, it also acts as a basic constituent for the ecosystem to survive. Ecosystem consists of people and the culture to which they belong. India has been accompanied by severe decline in per capita water availability during the past 50 years.  As we all know, India is an agrarian economy, which implies more requirement of water. Thus, excess demand of water accompanied by less supply of the same resulted in pressure on the groundwater level due to which over-exploitation of ground water was seen. Gujarat state falls in a water stressed zone of the country. Also, water availability and scarcity causes socio-economic disparity in the region. Poor literacy rate in water deficit area was noticed apart from that, concentration of industry and housing in the regions which did not have water problems, lead to development of that particular area only. In order to ensure a balanced development there is no other alternative but to transfer water from surplus area to scarce areas of the state.

Which of the following option is NOT a measure to improve water availability for future generation?

None of the above

The correct answer is Option 4: None of the above

Explanation:

• Limited use of ground water: Reducing excessive use of groundwater helps in maintaining its levels for future use.
• Sprinkler irrigation: This method is more efficient in water usage compared to traditional irrigation techniques, reducing wastage.
• Rainwater harvesting: Collecting and storing rainwater helps in supplementing water supply and recharging groundwater levels.

All these measures contribute to improving water availability for future generations.