SociologySocial Change and Development in India: Social Movements

Which of the following pairs of leader and ideological group within t…

Which of the following pairs of leader and ideological group within the AITUC is correctly matched?

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 3

The correct answer is Option (3) → M. Joshi - Moderates

Option (1) S.A. Dange - Moderates — Incorrect. S.A. Dange was a leader of the communist group in the AITUC, along with M.N. Roy. The moderates were led by M. Joshi and V.V. Giri.

Option (2) M.N. Roy - Nationalists — Incorrect. M.N. Roy led the communists in the AITUC together with S.A. Dange. The nationalist group had people like Lala Lajpat Rai and Jawaharlal Nehru.

Option (3) M. Joshi - Moderates — Correct. The AITUC was a broad-based body with diverse ideologies. Its moderate group was led by M. Joshi and V.V. Giri, so this pair is right.

Option (4) Jawaharlal Nehru - Communists — Incorrect. Jawaharlal Nehru belonged to the nationalist group in the AITUC, with Lala Lajpat Rai. The communists were led by S.A. Dange and M.N. Roy.

NCERT (2026-27): “Workers’ Movements …
The first trade union was established in April 1918 in Madras by B.P. Wadia, a social worker and member of the Theosophical Society. During the same year, Mahatma Gandhi founded the Textile Labour Association (TLA). In 1920, the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) was formed in Bombay. The AITUC was a broad-based organisation involving diverse ideologies. The main ideological groups were the communists led by S.A. Dange and M.N. Roy, the moderates led by M. Joshi and V.V. Giri and the nationalist movements which involved people like Lala Lajpat Rai and Jawaharlal Nehru.”