What product(s) is formed when an Alkyl halide undergoes ammonolysis?

(A) Primary amine
(B) Secondary amine
(C) Quaternary ammonium salt
(D) Tertiary amine

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B), (C) and (D)

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A), (B), (C) and (D)

Core Concept

Ammonolysis of alkyl halide leads to stepwise alkylation of ammonia forming all classes of amines and quaternary salt.

Reaction Pathway

$R-X+NH_3 →R-NH_2$ (Primary amine)

$R-NH_2+ R-X→ R_2NH$ (Secondary amine)

$R_2NH+R-X → R_3N$ (Tertiary amine)

$R_3N+R-X → R_4N^+X^-$ (Quaternary ammonium salt)

Explanation of Each Option

Option A: Primary amine

This is formed when ammonia reacts with alkyl halide for the first time. It is the initial product of ammonolysis.

Option B: Secondary amine

This is formed when the primary amine formed further reacts with another molecule of alkyl halide.

Option C: Quaternary ammonium salt

This is formed when tertiary amine undergoes further alkylation with alkyl halide.

Option D: Tertiary amine

This is formed when secondary amine reacts again with alkyl halide.