Match List-I (Term) with List-II (Meaning).
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (A) Milkiyat | (I) Imperial order |
| (B) Khidmat | (II) Property |
| (C) Qilachas | (III) Services for the state |
| (D) Sanad | (IV) Fortresses |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
| List-I | List-II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (A) Milkiyat | (II) Property | Milkiyat were the extensive personal lands of zamindars; the word means property. Zamindars could sell, bequeath or mortgage them. |
| (B) Khidmat | (III) Services for the state | Khidmat were the services zamindars performed for the state. This service was one reason for their high status. |
| (C) Qilachas | (IV) Fortresses | Qilachas were the fortresses most zamindars held. Together with armed men they gave zamindars military power. |
| (D) Sanad | (I) Imperial order | A sanad was an imperial order. The state would not allow a zamindar to expand by force unless he had been confirmed by one. |
NCERT (2026-27): “5. The Zamindars … “The zamindars held extensive personal lands termed milkiyat, meaning property. Milkiyat lands were cultivated for the private use of zamindars, often with the help of hired or servile labour. The zamindars could sell, bequeath or mortgage these lands at will.” “Zamindars also derived their power from the fact that they could often collect revenue on behalf of the state, a service for which they were compensated financially. Control over military resources was another source of power. Most zamindars had fortresses (qilachas) as well as an armed contingent comprising units of cavalry, artillery and infantry. …” “Contemporary documents give an impression that conquest may have been the source of the origin of some zamindaris. The dispossession of weaker people by a powerful military chieftain was quite often a way of expanding a zamindari. It is, however, unlikely that the state would have allowed such a show of aggression by a zamindar unless he had been confirmed by an imperial order (sanad ).” |