“Yuvaan Ltd.”, a reputed industrial machines manufacturer, needs twenty crores as additional capital to expand the business. Mr. Karan Rastogi, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the company wants to raise funds through equity. The Finance Manager, Mr. Lokesh Nayyar, suggested that the shares may be sold to investing public through intermediaries, as the same will be less expensive. Name the method through which the company decided to raise additional capital.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Offer for Sale
Option (1) Offer for Sale — Correct. In an offer for sale, the company does not issue shares directly to the public. It sells the whole lot at an agreed price to intermediaries, such as issuing houses or stock brokers. They then resell the shares to the investing public. This is what the Finance Manager suggested.
Option (2) Private Placement — Incorrect. In a private placement, shares are allotted only to institutional investors and a few selected individuals. They are not offered to the investing public at large.
Option (3) Initial Public Offer — Incorrect. In a public offer the company itself offers shares to the public through a prospectus. Here the company does not sell to the public itself; intermediaries do the selling for it.
Option (4) Rights Issue — Incorrect. A rights issue offers new shares only to the existing shareholders, in proportion to the shares they already hold. Here the shares go to the investing public.
Note 1: Although the chapter ‘Financial Markets’ was dropped from the NCERT textbooks during rationalisation, it has stayed in the NTA syllabus every year since 2022, except for 2025, and it is part of the syllabus again from 2026. This question is therefore based on the pre-rationalised NCERT, an extract from which is given below. Note 2: The words “as the same will be less expensive” should not mislead. NCERT gives low cost as the reason companies choose private placement, because a public issue carries many expenses. But private placement cannot be the answer here, because its buyers are institutions and selected individuals, not the investing public. Selling to the investing public through intermediaries is an offer for sale.
NCERT (Pre-rationalised Edition):
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