It is an approach which describes the processes people use in intellectual reasoning and problem solving. The major focus of this approach is on how an intelligent person acts. Which theory of intelligence is this?

Information processing approach

The correct answer is Option 1: Information processing approach

The Information Processing Approach to intelligence:

• Focuses on the mental processes involved in reasoning, problem-solving, memory, and decision-making.

• Describes how people think, rather than just how much they know.

• Emphasizes how an intelligent person acts, such as how they analyze information, plan strategies, and monitor progress while solving problems.

• Notably studied by Robert Sternberg, who proposed the triarchic theory of intelligence, which incorporates this approach.

Other options:

• Psychometric approach – Focuses on measuring intelligence through standardized tests (e.g., IQ tests).

• Structural approach – Looks at the structure or components of intelligence (e.g., Spearman’s g factor, Thurstone’s primary mental abilities).

• Cognitive approach – A broader term that includes many ways of studying mental processes, but the Information Processing Approach is more specific to intelligence and problem solving.