With respect to historical background of psychological disorders arrange the following in sequence of historical occurrence :
(A) Interactional approach
(B) Renaissance period
(C) Organismic approach
(D) Reason and enlightenment age
(E) Middle Ages
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → (C), (E), (B), (D), (A)
(C) Organismic approach — the earliest. In the ancient Western world, the philosopher-physicians of Greece, Hippocrates, Socrates and especially Plato, developed it and saw disturbed behaviour as arising out of conflicts between emotion and reason.
(E) Middle Ages — next, demonology and superstition gained renewed importance; people with mental problems were thought to be evil, and there were witch-hunts.
(B) Renaissance period — marked by increased humanism and curiosity about behaviour. Johann Weyer stressed psychological conflict and disturbed relationships as causes, and insisted that ‘witches’ needed medical, not theological, treatment.
(D) Reason and enlightenment age — the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, when the scientific method replaced faith and dogma as the way of understanding abnormal behaviour, leading to the Reform Movement.
(A) Interactional approach — the latest. In recent years the earlier approaches have converged into the interactional, or bio-psycho-social, approach, in which biological, psychological and social factors all play a part.
Note: A similar question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2023 on 22-06-2023 (Slot 3).
NCERT (2025-26): “Historical Background … In the ancient Western world, it was philosopher-physicians of ancient Greece such as Hippocrates, Socrates, and in particular Plato who developed the organismic approach and viewed disturbed behaviour as arising out of conflicts between emotion and reason.…” “…In the Middle Ages, demonology and superstition gained renewed importance in the explanation of abnormal behaviour.…” “…The Renaissance Period was marked by increased humanism and curiosity about behaviour.…” “…The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were known as the Age of Reason and Enlightenment, as the scientific method replaced faith and dogma as ways of understanding abnormal behaviour.…” “…In recent years, there has been a convergence of these approaches, which has resulted in an interactional, or bio-psycho-social approach.…” |