Arrange the following theories of intelligence according to their development from oldest to latest?
A. Planning Attention-arousal and simultaneous successive model-Das, Naglieri and Kirby
B. Uni-factor theory of Intelligence - Binet
C. Triarchic Theory of Intelligence - Sternberg
D. Two factor theory of Intelligence Spearman
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → B, D, C, A
(B) Uni-factor theory of Intelligence - Binet — first. Alfred Binet was the first psychologist who tried to formalise the concept of intelligence in terms of mental operations. He saw intelligence as one similar set of abilities, so his theory is called the uni or one factor theory.
(D) Two factor theory of Intelligence Spearman — second. Binet’s theory came to be disputed, and in 1927 Charles Spearman proposed the two-factor theory: a general factor (g-factor) and specific factors (s-factors).
(C) Triarchic Theory of Intelligence - Sternberg — third. Robert Sternberg (1985) proposed the triarchic theory, with componential, experiential and contextual intelligence.
(A) Planning Attention-arousal and simultaneous successive model-Das, Naglieri and Kirby — last. The PASS model was developed by J.P. Das, Jack Naglieri, and Kirby (1994), the latest of the four.
NCERT (2025-26): “Theories of Intelligence … We mentioned above that Alfred Binet was the first psychologist who tried to formalise the concept of intelligence in terms of mental operations. Prior to him, we find the notion of intelligence described in general ways in various philosophical treatises available in different cultural traditions. Binet’s theory of intelligence was rather simple as it arose from his interest in differentiating more intelligent from less intelligent individuals. He, therefore, conceptualised intelligence as consisting of one similar set of abilities which can be used for solving any or every problem in an individual’s environment. His theory of intelligence is called Uni or one factor theory of intelligence. This theory came to be disputed when psychologists started analysing data of individuals, which was collected using Binet’s test. In 1927, Charles Spearman proposed a two-factor theory of intelligence employing a statistical method called factor analysis.…” “Triarchic Theory of Intelligence … Robert Sternberg (1985) proposed the triarchic theory of intelligence.…” “Planning, Attention-arousal, and Simultaneous-successive (PASS) Model of Intelligence … This model has been developed by J.P. Das, Jack Naglieri, and Kirby (1994).…” |