Read passage given below and choose the answer the question that follow.
Ocean water plays an indispensable role in supporting life. The great ocean basins hold about 300 million cubic miles of water. From the vast amount, about 80,000 cubic miles of water are sucked into the atmosphere each year in evaporation and returned by precipitation and drainage to the ocean. More than 24,000 cubic miles of rain descend annually upon the continents. This vast amount is required to replenish the lakes and streams, springs and water tables on which all flora and fauna are dependent. Thus, the hydrosphere permits organic existence.
The hydrosphere has strange characteristics because water has properties unlike those of any other liquid. One anomaly is that water upon freezing expands by about 9 percent, whereas most other liquids contract on cooling. For this reason, ice floats on water bodies instead of sinking to the bottom. If the ice sank, the atmosphere would soon be frozen solidly, except for a thin layer of surface melt water during the summer season. Thus, all aquatic life would be destroyed and the interchange of warm and cold currents, which moderates climates, would be notably absent.
Another outstanding characteristic of water is that water has a heat capacity which is the highest of all liquids and solids except ammonia. This characteristic enables the oceans to absorb and store vast quantities of heat, thereby often preventing climatic extremes. In addition, water dissolves more substances than any other liquid. It is this characteristic which helps make oceans a great storehouse for minerals which have been washed down from the continents. In several areas of the world these minerals are being commercially exploited. Solar evaporation of salt is widely practiced; potash is extracted from the Dead Sea; and magnesium is produced from sea water along the American Gulf Coast.
Which of the following is correct?
According to the passage, the hydrosphere is not :
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → in danger of freezing over
The passage explains that water expands on freezing, so ice floats instead of sinking. Only if ice sank would everything freeze solid except a thin summer layer. Because ice floats, the hydrosphere is not in danger of freezing over.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect?
Option 1: responsible for all forms of life — Incorrect. True in the passage: the passage says all flora and fauna depend on this water and that "the hydrosphere permits organic existence", so it is responsible for life.
Option 2: able to modify weather — Incorrect. True in the passage: the interchange of warm and cold currents "moderates climates", and the oceans' store of heat prevents climatic extremes, so it does modify weather.
Option 3: a source of natural resources — Incorrect. True in the passage: the oceans are called "a great storehouse for minerals"; salt, potash and magnesium are taken from sea water.