Practicing Success

Target Exam

CUET

Subject

Biology

Chapter

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Question:

Select odd one out w.r.t Expiration.

Options:

The intra-pulmonary pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure.

Volume of thorax decreased

Diaphragm relaxed

The pressure within the lungs (intra-pulmonary pressure) is less than the atmospheric pressure.

Correct Answer:

The pressure within the lungs (intra-pulmonary pressure) is less than the atmospheric pressure.

Explanation:

The correct answer is Option (4) - The pressure within the lungs (intra-pulmonary pressure) is less than the atmospheric pressure.

Breathing involves two stages : inspiration during which atmospheric air is drawn in and expiration by which the alveolar air is released out.
The movement of air into and out of the lungs is carried out by creating a pressure gradient between the lungs and the atmosphere. Inspiration can occur if the pressure within the lungs (intra-pulmonary pressure) is less than the atmospheric pressure, i.e., there is a negative pressure in the lungs with respect to atmospheric pressure. Similarly, expiration takes place when the intra-pulmonary pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure. 

Inspiration is initiated by the contraction of diaphragm which increases the volume of thoracic chamber in the antero-posterior axis. The overall increase in the thoracic volume causes a similar increase in pulmonary volume. An increase in pulmonary volume decreases the intra-pulmonary pressure to less than the atmospheric pressure which forces the air from outside to move into the lungs, i.e., inspiration.

Relaxation of the diaphragm and the inter-costal muscles returns the diaphragm and sternum to their normal positions and reduce the thoracic volume and thereby the pulmonary volume. This leads to an increase in intra-pulmonary pressure to slightly above the atmospheric pressure causing the expulsion of air from the
lungs, i.e., expiration.

Mechanism of breathing showing : expiration