Which of the following factors determines attitude change based on valence, extremeness, simplicity, and centrality of the existing attitude?

Characteristics of the existing attitude

1. Characteristics of the Existing Attitude: Characteristics of the existing attitude play a crucial role in determining attitude change. These characteristics include valence, extremeness, simplicity or complexity, and centrality or significance of the attitude.

2. Source Characteristics: Source characteristics, specifically credibility and attractiveness, have a significant impact on attitude change.

3. Message Characteristics: Message characteristics play a crucial role in bringing about attitude change. The message refers to the information presented with the intention of influencing attitudes. Attitudes are more likely to change when the amount of information provided about the topic is neither excessive nor insufficient. Finding the right balance is key to capturing the attention and interest of the audience without overwhelming or leaving them uninformed.

4. Target characteristics : Target characteristics, including persuasibility, strong prejudices, self-esteem, and intelligence, play a significant role in determining the likelihood and extent of attitude change.