China used the market system without losing political commitment and succeeded in raising the level of growth along with alleviation of poverty. Unlike India and Pakistan, which are attempting to privatise their PSEs, China has used the market mechanisnm to create additional social and economic opportunities. By retaining collective ownership of the land and allowing individual to cultivate lands, China has ensured social security in rural areas.

Introduction of economic reforms in China took place in which year?

1978

The "Economic reforms" of China were initiated in the year 1978.