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The economically backward communist China chose to sever its links with the capitalist world. It had little choice but to fall back on its own resources and, for a brief period, on Soviet aid and advice. The model was to create a state-owned heavy industries sector from the capital accumulated from agriculture. As it was short of foreign exchange that it needed in order to buy technology and goods on the world market, China decided to substitute imports with domestic goods. This model allowed China to use its resources to establish the foundations of an industrial economy on a scale that did not exist before. Employment and social welfare were assured to all citizens, and China moved ahead of most developing countries in educating its citizens and ensuring better health for them. The economy also grew at a respectable rate of 5-6 per cent.

Who was the leader of the communist revolution in China?

Mao Zedong

The correct answer is Option 1 - Mao Zedong

The leader of the communist revolution in China was Mao Zedong.

After the inception of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, following the communist revolution under the leadership of Mao Zedong, its economy was based on the Soviet model.