Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:

Ravi was a sales assistant in an electronics shop who got a commission for every sale over and above his monthly salary. For the past few months, he had been behaving differently, and his performance was declining. When his boss checked with him, Ravi reported that he heard voices in his head telling him that the customers were spying on him. In fact, he was confident that someone had embedded a chip in his brain. Therefore, he was feeling threatened and deliberately victimized. Ravi's colleagues complained that he often used new and strange words and reacted inappropriately in any situation. One of Ravi's neighbours also shared that Ravi loved kicking and hurting street dogs and would laugh loudly when they were wounded and bled. It seemed that Ravi needed to visit a mental health professional to seek help.

Identify the formal thought disorder which is evident in Ravi?

Neologism

The correct answer is Option (4) → Neologism

• Derailment → shifting from one topic to another without logical connection.

• Perseveration → repeating the same ideas or words persistently.

• Loosening of associations → thoughts become disorganized, with weak or illogical connections.

• Neologism → creation and use of new or strange words.

The passage states that Ravi’s colleagues complained he “often used new and strange words”. This directly corresponds to Neologism