"The liverworts grow usually in moist, shady habitats such as banks of streams, marshy ground, damp soil, bark of trees and deep in the woods. The plant body of a liverwort is thalloid, e.g., Marchantia. The thallus is dorsiventral and closely appressed to the substrate. The leafy members have tiny leaf-like appendages in two rows on the stem-like structures.” The above statement signifies which of the following Bryophyta?

Liverworts

The correct answer is Option (3) – Liverworts

The statement describes the characteristics of liverworts, which are a type of Bryophyta. Liverworts typically grow in moist and shady habitats such as the banks of streams, marshy areas, damp soil, and bark of trees. They are characterized by their thalloid plant body, which means they lack true stems, roots, and leaves. Instead, they have a flattened structure called a thallus, which is dorsiventral (having distinct upper and lower surfaces) and closely attached to the substrate.

One of the examples of liverworts mentioned in the statement is Marchantia, which exhibits these typical characteristics. Liverworts may also have leafy structures with tiny leaf-like appendages arranged in two rows on stem-like structures, as mentioned in the statement.

Therefore, the statement signifies the characteristics of liverworts, which belong to the phylum Bryophyta.