How many polities does the institutional mechanism of federalism accommodate?

Two

The correct answer is Option 3 - Two

The institutional mechanism of federalism accommodates multiple polities within a single political system. The exact number of polities can vary depending on the specific federal structure and the distribution of power between different levels of government. In a federal system, there are typically two levels of government: the central or national government and the state or regional governments. Each of these levels of government possesses its own set of powers and responsibilities, creating multiple polities within the overall political framework.