From the standpoint of human rights, international law addresses the provision of free legal services. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights includes a clear clause about legal aid (ICCPR). In a number of conferences of Law Ministers and Law Commissions, the Government of India began addressing the issue of legal aid for the underprivileged in 1952. In order to ensure that no citizen is denied the opportunity to obtain justice due to financial or other barriers, Article 39A of the Indian Constitution directs the state to provide free legal aid through appropriate programmes or in any other manner. The State shall not discriminate against any person on the basis of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth, or any combination of these, according to Article 15 of the Indian Constitution.

As per Article 15 of the Indian Constitution, the State shall not discriminate against any citizen on which of the following grounds?

religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them

As envisaged under Article  15 of the Constitution of India, the State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them. Based on this cardinal principle, no citizen shall on the grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them, be subject to any disability.