Which of the following is caused by exogenic force ?

Erosion

The correct answer is Option (1) - Erosion

Erosion is caused by an exogenic force.

• Exogenic forces are external forces that act on the Earth's surface, shaping and reshaping its features. Erosion is a prime example, where wind, water, ice, and other agents wear down, transport, and deposit Earth's surface materials.
• Landslide, earthquake, and volcano are all caused by endogenic forces. These are internal forces that originate within the Earth and cause movements of the Earth's crust, plates, and mantle. Landslides can be triggered by factors like heavy rainfall, but the underlying cause is often related to movements within the Earth. Earthquakes and volcanoes are more direct consequences of endogenic forces.