Expand “GEAC”:

The correct answer is Option (4) → Genetic Engineering Approval Committee

Option (1) Genetic and Environmental Advisory Committee — Incorrect. The letters G and E stand for Genetic Engineering, and A stands for Approval.

Option (2) Gene Establishment Approval Committee — Incorrect. G and E stand for Genetic Engineering, not “Gene Establishment”.

Option (3) Genetic Engineering Advisory Committee — Incorrect. The A stands for Approval. The committee makes decisions; it does not only give advice.

Option (4) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee — Correct. This is the body the Indian Government set up for GM research and GM organisms.

Note: A similar question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2023 on 27-05-2023 (Slot 3).

NCERT Extract:
Ethical Issues – “… Going beyond the morality of such issues, the biological significance of such things is also important. Genetic modification of organisms can have unpredicatable results when such organisms are introduced into the ecosystem. Therefore, the Indian Government has set up organisations such as GEAC (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee), which will make decisions regarding the validity of GM research and the safety of introducing GM-organisms for public services.”