The correct answer is option (2) - Nepal
In Nepal, the struggle among pro-monarchy, pro-democracy groups, and extremists created an atmosphere of political instability.
Nepal was a Hindu kingdom in the past and then a constitutional monarchy in the modern period for many years. The king accepted the demand for a new democratic constitution in 1990, in the wake of a strong pro-democracy movement. During the nineties, the Maoists of Nepal were successful in spreading their influence in many parts of Nepal. They believed in armed insurrection against the monarch and the ruling elite. This led to a violent conflict between the Maoist guerrillas and the armed forces of the king. For some time, there was a triangular conflict among the monarchist forces, the democrats and the Maoists. In 2002, the king abolished the parliament and dismissed the government, thus ending even the limited democracy that existed in Nepal.
In April 2006, there were massive, countrywide, pro-democracy protests. The struggling pro-democracy forces achieved their first major victory when the king was forced to restore the House of Representatives that had been dissolved in April 2002. Nepal's transition to democracy is almost complete. In 2008, Nepal became a democratic republic after abolishing the monarchy. In 2015, it adopted a new constitution.
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