During Muslim rule non muslims had to pay a religious tax called _____.

Jizya (Jaziya)

The correct answer is Option (1) → Jizya (Jaziya)

During Muslim rule non muslims had to pay a religious tax called Jizya (Jaziya).

Theoretically, Muslim rulers were to be guided by the ulama, who were expected to ensure that they ruled according to the shari‘a. Clearly, the situation was complicated in the subcontinent, where there were populations that did not subscribe to Islam. It is in this context that the category of the zimmi, meaning protected (derived from the Arabic word zimma, protection) developed for people who followed revealed scriptures, such as the Jews and Christians, and lived under Muslim rulership. They paid a tax called jizya and gained the right to be protected by Muslims. In India this status was extended to Hindus as well. The Mughals came to regard themselves as emperors of not just Muslims but of all peoples.