Which of the following reactions are correct? Choose the correct answ…

The correct answer is Option (2) → B, D, E only

• (A) R–NO₂ with KMnO₄/KOH → RNH₂ — Incorrect. \( \ce{KMnO4} \) is an oxidising agent; turning –\( \ce{NO2} \) into –\( \ce{NH2} \) is a reduction.

• (B) R–NO₂ with Sn + HCl → RNH₂ — Correct. Nitro compounds are reduced to amines by metals in acidic medium:

      \( \ce{R-NO2 + 6[H]} \xrightarrow{\text{Sn/HCl}} \ce{R-NH2 + 2H2O} \)

• (C) R–CN with H₂O/H⁺ → RCH₂NH₂ — Incorrect. Acid hydrolysis of a nitrile gives the carboxylic acid (via the amide), not an amine:

      \( \ce{R-CN + 2H2O} \xrightarrow{\ce{H+}} \ce{RCOOH + NH4+} \)

• (D) R–CN with H₂/Pd → RCH₂NH₂ — Correct. Catalytic hydrogenation reduces nitriles to primary amines:

      \( \ce{R-CN + 2H2} \xrightarrow{\text{Pd}} \ce{RCH2NH2} \)

• (E) RCONH₂ with (i) LiAlH₄ (ii) H₂O → RCH₂NH₂ — Correct. Amides are reduced by \( \ce{LiAlH4} \) to amines with the same number of carbon atoms:

      \( \ce{RCONH2} \xrightarrow[\text{(ii) }\ce{H2O}]{\text{(i) }\ce{LiAlH4}} \ce{RCH2NH2} \)

NCERT (2026-27 edition):
Reduction of Nitro Compounds