Practicing Success
Suppose the cubic $x^3-p x+q$ has three real roots where $p>0$ and $q>0$. Then which one of the following holds? |
The cubic has minimum at both $\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ and $-\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ The cubic has maximum at both $\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ and $-\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ The cubic has minimum at $\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ and maximum at $-\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ The cubic has minimum at $-\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ and maximum at $\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ |
The cubic has minimum at $\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ and maximum at $-\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ |
Let $f(x)=x^3-p x+q$. Then, $f'(x)=3 x^2-p=3\left(x-\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}\right)$ The signs of f'(x) for different values of x are as shown below: As f'(x) changes its sign from positive to negative in the neighbourhood of $-\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$. So, $-\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ is a point of local maximum. Similarly, $x=\sqrt{\frac{p}{3}}$ is a point of local minimum. |