Which of the following options is associated with the ex-situ conservation of threatened animals and plants?

Wildlife safari parks

The correct answer is:

(a) Wildlife safari parks

Ex-situ conservation involves the conservation of threatened animals and plants outside of their natural habitats. Wildlife safari parks are examples of ex-situ conservation, where animals and plants are taken out of their natural environment and placed in a protected area or facility. These parks provide a controlled and safe environment for the species, allowing them to be protected, bred, and cared for in order to prevent extinction and promote their survival.

(b) Biodiversity hotspots: Biodiversity hotspots are regions that have a high concentration of endemic species and are considered important for in situ conservation. In situ, conservation focuses on preserving species in their natural habitats, and biodiversity hotspots are areas where the conservation efforts are particularly significant due to the high levels of species richness and endemism.

(c) Amazon rainforest: The Amazon rainforest is an example of an ecosystem with high biodiversity and species richness. In situ conservation efforts in the Amazon rainforest involve protecting the diverse range of plant and animal species within its natural habitat.

(d) Himalayan region: The Himalayan region is known for its rich biodiversity and unique ecosystems. In situ conservation in the Himalayan region aims to protect the numerous plant and animal species that are adapted to the challenging and diverse environments of the mountains.

In summary, while biodiversity hotspots, the Amazon rainforest, and the Himalayan region are indeed significant for in situ conservation, the specific option related to ex situ conservation is (a) Wildlife safari parks, as these parks involve the conservation of threatened species outside their natural habitats.