Match List-I with List-II.
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| A. Fruit develops only from the ovary | I. False fruit |
| B. Thalamus also contributes to fruit formation | II. Parthenocarpic fruit |
| C. Embryo enters a state of inactivity in the mature seed | III. True fruit |
| D. Fruit develops without fertilisation | IV. Dormancy |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
Fruits are named by the parts they develop from and by whether fertilisation took place. Dormancy is a state of the embryo inside the mature seed.
(A) Fruit develops only from the ovary — this matches (III) True fruit. Most fruits develop only from the ovary, as the other floral parts fall off.
(B) Thalamus also contributes to fruit formation — this matches (I) False fruit, as in apple, strawberry and cashew.
(C) Embryo enters a state of inactivity in the mature seed — this matches (IV) Dormancy. As the seed dries, the metabolic activity of the embryo slows down.
(D) Fruit develops without fertilisation — this matches (II) Parthenocarpic fruit, as in banana.
So the correct match is A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.
NCERT Extract:
Seed – “… The general metabolic activity of the embryo slows down. The embryo may enter a state of inactivity called dormancy, or if favourable conditions are available (adequate moisture, oxygen and suitable temperature), they germinate.”
Seed – “… However, in a few species such as apple, strawberry, cashew, etc., the thalamus also contributes to fruit formation. Such fruits are called false fruits (Figure 1.15b). Most fruits however develop only from the ovary and are called true fruits. Although in most of the species, fruits are the results of fertilisation, there are a few species in which fruits develop without fertilisation. Such fruits are called parthenocarpic fruits.”