How are ingroup members typically perceived?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
Individuals compare themselves to others in terms of similarities and differences, including the groups they belong to compared to those they don't. The term "ingroup" refers to one's own group, while "outgroup" refers to other groups. Ingroup members use "we" to refer to themselves, viewing fellow members positively and as similar, while outgroup members are often perceived negatively.