Match List-I with List-II.
| List-I | List-II |
| (A) Aspergillus niger | (I) Absorbs phosphorus from the soil and passes it to the plant |
| (B) Glomus | (II) Citric acid |
| (C) Methanobacterium | (III) Methane in biogas |
| (D) Rhizobium | (IV) Nodules on the roots of leguminous plants |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
(A) Aspergillus niger — this matches (II) Citric acid. This fungus is used for the industrial production of citric acid, an organic acid.
(B) Glomus — this matches (I) Absorbs phosphorus from the soil and passes it to the plant. Members of Glomus form mycorrhiza with plant roots, and the fungal partner takes up phosphorus for the plant.
(C) Methanobacterium — this matches (III) Methane in biogas. It is a methanogen: it grows anaerobically on cellulosic material and gives off large amounts of methane, the main gas in biogas.
(D) Rhizobium — this matches (IV) Nodules on the roots of leguminous plants. It lives in symbiosis with legumes in root nodules and fixes atmospheric nitrogen for the plant.
NCERT Extract:
Chemicals, Enzymes and Other Bioactive Molecules – “… Examples of acid producers are Aspergillus niger (a fungus) of citric acid, Acetobacter aceti (a bacterium) of acetic acid; Clostridium butylicum (a bacterium) of butyric acid and Lactobacillus (a bacterium) of lactic acid.”
Microbes in Production of Biogas – “… certain bacteria, which grow anaerobically on cellulosic material, produce large amount of methane along with CO2 and H2. These bacteria are collectively called methanogens, and one such common bacterium is Methanobacterium.”
Microbes as Biofertilisers – “… You have studied about the nodules on the roots of leguminous plants formed by the symbiotic association of Rhizobium. … Many members of the genus Glomus form mycorrhiza. The fungal symbiont in these associations absorbs phosphorus from soil and passes it to the plant.”