Which of the following statements are correct regarding decomposition?

A. Decomposition is largely oxygen-requiring process

B. The rate of decomposition is controlled by chemical composition of detritus and climatic factors

C. Dry and cold environment favour the decomposition

D. If detritus is rich in lignin and chitin, the decomposition rate is faster

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A and B only

The correct answer is Option (1)- A and B only

Decomposers are responsible for breaking down complex organic materials into simpler inorganic substances like carbon dioxide, water, and essential nutrients. This process is known as decomposition.

Detritus, which includes dead plant materials like leaves, bark, flowers, and even animal remains and fecal matter, serves as the primary source for decomposition. The decomposition process involves several important stages, including fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification, and mineralization. It's important to note that decomposition is primarily an aerobic process, meaning it requires oxygen to occur.

The rate at which decomposition happens is influenced by various factors. These include the chemical composition of the detritus and climatic conditions. In specific climatic conditions, the rate of decomposition is slower when detritus contains substances like lignin and chitin, and faster when it's rich in nitrogen and water-soluble compounds such as sugars. Temperature and soil moisture are the most significant climatic factors that control decomposition. Warmer and moister environments promote decomposition, while colder temperatures and anaerobic conditions hinder it, leading to the accumulation of organic materials in the soil.