Which among the following is used to transfer the recombinant DNA into the host ?

All of these

a-Micro-injection .

b-Biolistics or gene gun.

c-Disarmed pathogen vectors.

d-All of these is the correct option.

In a method known as micro-injection, recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell. In another method, suitable for plants, cells are bombarded with high velocity micro-particles of gold or tungsten coated with DNA in a method known as biolistics or gene gun. And the last method uses ‘disarmed pathogen’ vectors, which when allowed to infect the cell, transfer the recombinant DNA into the host.