Match List-I with List-II on sustainable development:
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (A) Environmentalists | (I) Meeting the basic needs of all and extending to all the opportunity to satisfy their aspirations for a better life |
| (B) Our Common Future | (II) Limiting the human population to a level within the carrying capacity of the environment |
| (C) Edward Barbier | (III) A moral obligation to hand over the planet earth in good order to the future generation |
| (D) Herman Daly | (IV) Increasing the material standard of living of the poor at the grass root level |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)
Different thinkers stress different sides of sustainable development.
| List-I | List-II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (A) Environmentalists | (III) A moral obligation to hand over the planet earth in good order to the future generation | They stress our duty to the next generation. |
| (B) Our Common Future | (I) Meeting the basic needs of all and extending to all the opportunity to satisfy their aspirations for a better life | This report stressed basic needs of all. |
| (C) Edward Barbier | (IV) Increasing the material standard of living of the poor at the grass root level | Barbier focused on the living standard of the poor. |
| (D) Herman Daly | (II) Limiting the human population to a level within the carrying capacity of the environment | This is the first of Daly’s five points. |
NCERT (2026-27): “7.4 Sustainable Development … The seminal report — Our Common Future—that gave the above definition explained sustainable development as ‘meeting the basic needs of all and extending to all the opportunity to satisfy their aspirations for a better life’. Meeting the needs of all requires redistributing resources and is hence a moral issue. Edward Barbier defined sustainable development as one which is directly concerned with increasing the material standard of living of the poor at the grass root level …” “… This is in line with the argument of the environmentalists who emphasise that we have a moral obligation to hand over the planet earth in good order to the future generation; that is, the present generation should bequeath a better environment to the future generation. At least we should leave to the next generation a stock of ‘quality of life’ assets no less than what we have inherited. The present generation can promote development that enhances the natural and built environment in ways that are compatible with (i) conservation of natural assets (ii) preservation of the regenerative capacity of the world’s natural ecological system (iii) avoiding the imposition of added costs or risks on future generations. According to Herman Daly, a leading environmental economist, to achieve sustainable development, the following needs to be done (i) limiting the human population to a level within the carrying capacity of the environment. …” |