Which of the following option determines percolation and water holding capacity of soils?

Grain size, soil composition and aggregation

The correct answer is Option (2)- Grain size, soil composition and aggregation

The quantity of water soil can retain after flowing down of the gravitational water is called its filled capacity or water holding capacity. Soil is a crucial abiotic component of an ecosystem, with its characteristics varying across different habitats. These variations can arise from developmental conditions such as climate and weathering processes that influence soil formation. However, percolation and water-holding capacity are two properties specifically determined by grain size, soil composition, and aggregation. Soil consists of particles of varying sizes, and the proportions of these particles contribute to the soil's texture.