Target Exam

CUET

Subject

Biology

Chapter

Biotechnology and its Applications

Question:

Identify the statements which are not true with respect to transgenic animals?

(A) Transgenic mice are used to test the safety of polio vaccine.
(B) Transgenic animals are less sensitive to toxic substance than normal animals.
(C) The milk produced by the first transgenic cow contain human $β$-lactalbumin.
(D) Transgenic animals can produce useful biological products.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options:

(A) and (D) only

(B) and (C) only

(A), (C) and (D) only

(A), (B) and (C) only

Correct Answer:

(B) and (C) only

Explanation:

The correct answer is Option (2) → (B) and (C) only

Vaccine safety: Transgenic mice are being developed for use in testing the safety of vaccines before they are used on humans. Transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of the polio vaccine. If successful and found to be reliable, they could replace the use of monkeys to test the safety of batches of the vaccine.

Chemical safety testing: This is known as toxicity/safety testing. The procedure is the same as that used for testing toxicity of drugs. Transgenic animals are made that carry genes which make them more sensitive to toxic substances than non-transgenic animals. They are then exposed to the toxic substances and the effects studied. Toxicity testing in such animals will allow us to obtain results in less time.

In 1997, scientists achieved a significant breakthrough by creating the first transgenic cow named Rosie. This cow was genetically modified to produce human protein-enriched milk, specifically containing human alpha-lactalbumin.The milk produced by Rosie had a significantly higher concentration of human alpha-lactalbumin compared to regular cow's milk(2.4 grams per litre).

Biological products: Medicines required to treat certain human diseases can contain biological products, but such products are often expensive to make. Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA (or genes) which codes for a particular product such as human protein (α-1-antitrypsin) used to treat emphysema. Similar attempts are being made for treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) and cystic fibrosis.