Statement I: Genes are the units of inheritance.
Statement II: Genes contain the information that is required to express a particular trait in an organism.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
Mendel said that some ‘factors’ pass unchanged from parent to offspring through the gametes. We now call these factors genes. Genes are therefore the units of inheritance, and each gene carries the information needed to express a particular trait.
Statement I: Genes are the units of inheritance. — True. Genes are passed stably from one generation to the next through the gametes.
Statement II: Genes contain the information that is required to express a particular trait in an organism. — True. For example, the gene for height carries the information for tall or dwarf plants.
NCERT Extract:
Inheritance of One Gene – “… He called these things as ‘factors’. Now we call them as genes. Genes, therefore, are the units of inheritance. They contain the information that is required to express a particular trait in an organism. Genes which code for a pair of contrasting traits are known as alleles, i.e., they are slightly different forms of the same gene.”