The correct answer is option 3. 82.
The atomic number of an element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of that element. In the case of lead (Pb), the atomic number is 82.
Here's a brief explanation:
Protons: Each element is defined by the number of protons in its atomic nucleus. For lead, there are 82 protons in the nucleus of every lead atom.
Atomic Number: The atomic number is a unique identifier for each element and is denoted by the symbol \(Z\). For lead, \(Z = 82\).
Position in the Periodic Table: The periodic table is organized based on the atomic number. Lead is a heavy metal and is situated in the sixth period and 14th group (or column) of the periodic table. The atomic number increases as you move from left to right across a period and from top to bottom within a group.
In summary, the atomic number of lead, \(Z = 82\), is a fundamental property that distinguishes lead from other elements. It plays a crucial role in defining the chemical characteristics and identity of the element. |
