The phenomenon in which the majority group places the blame on a minority outgroup for its own social, economic or political problems is called:

Scapegoating

The correct answer is Option (2) → Scapegoating

Scapegoating : This is a phenomenon by which the majority group places the blame on a minority outgroup for its own social, economic or political problems. The minority is too weak or too small in number to defend itself against such accusations. Scapegoating is a group based way of expressing frustration, and it often results in negative attitudes or prejudice against the weaker group.