Match List-I (problem) with List-II (what NCERT suggests or describes…

Match List-I (problem) with List-II (what NCERT suggests or describes):

List-I	List-II
(A) Farmers without price information before independence	(I) Warehouses, godowns and cold storages
(B) Overfishing and pollution	(II) Contracts with assured procurement at pre-decided prices
(C) Lack of storage for farm produce	(III) Need to be regulated and controlled
(D) Price risk faced by farmers	(IV) Were often forced to sell at low prices

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 2

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

Each item is a problem of rural India, matched with its result or remedy.

List-I	List-II	Reason
(A) Farmers without price information before independence	(IV) Were often forced to sell at low prices	Not knowing market prices, they sold cheap.
(B) Overfishing and pollution	(III) Need to be regulated and controlled	These must be regulated and controlled.
(C) Lack of storage for farm produce	(I) Warehouses, godowns and cold storages	These are the storage facilities provided as physical infrastructure.
(D) Price risk faced by farmers	(II) Contracts with assured procurement at pre-decided prices	A price fixed in advance reduces price risk.

NCERT (2026-27): “5.4 Agricultural Market System … Prior to independence, farmers, while selling their produce to traders, suffered from faulty weighing and manipulation of accounts. Farmers who did not have the required information on prices prevailing in markets were often forced to sell at low prices. They also did not have proper storage facilities to keep back their produce for selling later at a better price. Do you know that even today, more than 10 per cent of goods produced in farms are wasted due to lack of storage? Therefore, government intervention became necessary to regulate the activities of the private traders. Let us discuss four such measures that were initiated to improve the marketing aspect. The first step was regulation of markets to create orderly and transparent marketing conditions. By and large, this policy benefited farmers as well as consumers. However, there is still a need to develop about 27,000 rural periodic markets as regulated market places to realise the full potential of rural markets. Second component is provision of physical infrastructure facilities like roads, railways, warehouses, godowns, cold storages and processing units. …”

“5.5 Diversification into Productive Activities … However problems related to overfishing and pollution need to be regulated and controlled. …”

“5.4 Agricultural Market System … Further, several national and multinational fast food chains are increasingly entering into contracts/ alliances with farmers to encourage them to cultivate farm products (vegetables, fruits, etc.) of the desired quality by providing them with not only seeds and other inputs but also assured procurement of the produce at pre-decided prices. It is argued that such arrangements will help in reducing the price risks of farmers and would also expand the markets for farm products. …”