Given below is a case study. Read the same and answer the following 5 questions given after the case study carefully. (Q-1)
Benda lives in the wilds of the Abujh Maad area of central India. His village consists of three huts deep in the wilds. Not even birds or stray dogs that usually crowd villages can be seen in these areas. Wearing a small loin cloth and armed with his axe he slowly surveys the penda (forest) where his tribe practices a primitive form of agriculture called shifting cultivation. Benda and his friends burn small patches of forest to clear them for cultivation. The ash is used for making the soil fertile. Benda is happy that the Mahua trees around him are in bloom. How lucky I am to be a part of this beautiful universe, he thinks as he looks up to see the Mahua, Palash and Sal trees that have sheltered him since childhood. Crossing the penda in a gliding motion, Benda makes his way to a stream. As he bends down to scoop up a palmful of water, he remembers to thank Loi-Lugi, the spirit of the forest for allowing him to quench his thirst. Moving on with his friends, Benda chews on succulent leaves and roots. The boys have been trying to collect Gajjhara and Kuchla, from the forest. These are special plants that Benda and his people use. He hopes the spirits of the forest will be kind and lead him to these herbs. These are needed to barter in the madhai or tribal fair coming up the next full moon. He closes his eyes and tries hard to recall what the elders had taught him about these herbs and the places they are found in. He wishes he had listened more carefully. Suddenly there is a rustling of leaves. Benda and his friends know it is the outsiders who have come searching for them in the wilds. In a single fluid motion Benda and his friends disappear behind the thick canopy of trees and become one with the spirit of the forest.

Who among the following can be considered as the god/goddess for the people living in Abujh Maad?

Loi Lugi

In the case study, Benda, who lives in the Abujh Maad area, is depicted as engaging in practices that reflect a deep connection with nature and the forest. When Benda bends down to scoop up water from a stream, he remembers to thank Loi-Lugi, the spirit of the forest, for allowing him to quench his thirst. This indicates that Loi-Lugi is considered a spiritual entity or deity by the people in Abujh Maad, embodying the spirit or essence of the forest.

While nature (Option 1) and the spirit of trees (Option 3) are integral aspects of the beliefs and practices described in the case study, the specific reference to thanking Loi-Lugi as the spirit of the forest suggests a more personalized deity for the community. Therefore, Option 2: Loi Lugi is the most appropriate choice as the god/goddess for the people living in Abujh Maad.