Match List I with List II
| LIST I Modality of Treatment | LIST II Explanation | ||
| A. | Positive Transference | I. | When the client opposes the progress of the therapy to protect herself/himself from the recall of painful memories |
| B. | Negative Transference | II. | The repeated process of using confrontation, clarification and interpretation |
| C. | Resistance | III. | When the client idolises or falls in love with the therapist |
| D. | Working through | IV. | When the client has feelings of hostility, anger and resentment towards the therapist |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
In psychoanalytic therapy the client starts identifying the therapist with authority figures of the past and acts out towards the therapist the feelings once held towards them; this is transference.
(A) Positive Transference — this matches (III) When the client idolises or falls in love with the therapist. In positive transference the client also seeks the therapist’s approval.
(B) Negative Transference — this matches (IV) When the client has feelings of hostility, anger and resentment towards the therapist. This is negative transference, the hostile side of the same process.
(C) Resistance — this matches (I) When the client opposes the progress of the therapy to protect herself/himself from the recall of painful memories. Transference exposes unconscious wishes and conflicts and raises distress, so the client resists, to protect herself/himself from the recall of painful unconscious memories.
(D) Working through — this matches (II) The repeated process of using confrontation, clarification and interpretation. Working through helps the client understand herself/himself and the source of the problem, and its outcome is insight.
Note: Transference, resistance and working through, the modality of treatment in psychoanalytic therapy, were there in the chapter ‘Therapeutic Approaches’ of the pre-rationalised NCERT, which NTA followed in 2023, and are not there in the NCERT book (2025-26).
NCERT (Pre-rationalised): “Modality of Treatment … There is the positive transference in which the client idolises, or falls in love with the therapist, and seeks the therapist’s approval. Negative transference is present when the client has feelings of hostility, anger, and resentment towards the therapist. The process of transference is met with resistance. Since the process of transference exposes the unconscious wishes and conflicts, thereby increasing the distress levels, the client resists transference. Due to resistance, the client opposes the progress of therapy in order to protect herself/himself from the recall of painful unconscious memories.…” “…The repeated process of using confrontation, clarification, and interpretation is known as working through. Working through helps the patient to understand herself/himself and the source of the problem and to integrate the uncovered material into her/his ego.…” |