The correct answer is option (1) : (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
Delegation
- It refers to the downward transfer of authority from a superior to a subordinate. It is a pre-requisite to the efficient functioning of an organisation because it enables a manager to use his time on high priority activities. It also satisfied the subordinates's need for recognition and provides them with opportunities to develop and exercise initiative.
Decentralisation
- It explains the manner in which decision making responsibilities are divided among hierarchical levels. Put simply, decentralisation refers to delegation of authority throughout all the levels of the organisation. Decision making authority is shared with lower levels and is consequently placed nearest to the points of action. In other words decision making authority is pushed down the chain of command.
Formal organization
- It refers to the structured and systematic arrangement of roles, responsibilities, and relationships within an organization. This structured arrangement is designed to achieve specific tasks or objectives in the most efficient and organized way possible. It ensures that everyone in the organization knows their roles and responsibilities.
Divisional structure
- It is an organizational design where the company is divided into separate divisions or units, each responsible for a specific product line, service, or geographic area. It is often used in organizations that produce a large variety of products or services, allowing each division to focus on its specific area of expertise.
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