What has been accomplished through decades of archaeological work? We have gained substantial insights into the Harappan economy, including an understanding of social distinctions and the functioning of the civilization. However, the extent of knowledge that would be gained from deciphering the Harappan script remains uncertain. The discovery of a bilingual inscription could potentially resolve inquiries about the languages spoken by the Harappans.

Despite progress, certain reconstructions remain speculative. For instance, the purpose of the Great Bath is still debated—whether it served as a ritual structure or had other functions. The extent of literacy in the Harappan civilization and the reasons behind the limited social differentiation observed in Harappan cemeteries also remain unresolved. Additionally, questions related to gender roles persist, such as the involvement of women in pottery-making and the activities of other craftspersons. The purpose of terracotta female figurines is another unresolved matter. Notably, gender issues in the context of the Harappan civilization have received minimal scholarly attention, indicating a fresh area for future research and exploration.

What aspects of the Harappan civilization are still speculative and unanswered?

All of the above

Despite progress, certain reconstructions remain speculative. For instance, the purpose of the Great Bath is still debated—whether it served as a ritual structure or had other functions. The extent of literacy in the Harappan civilization and the reasons behind the limited social differentiation observed in Harappan cemeteries also remain unresolved. Additionally, questions related to gender roles persist, such as the involvement of women in pottery-making and the activities of other craftspersons. The purpose of terracotta female figurines is another unresolved matter. Notably, gender issues in the context of the Harappan civilization have received minimal scholarly attention, indicating a fresh area for future research and exploration.