Homologous organs represent:

The correct answer is Option (1) → Similar anatomy, different functions

Option (1) Similar anatomy, different functions — Correct. Homologous organs have the same basic structure (the same bones, the same origin) but are used for different functions, like the forelimbs of whale, bat and human. They show divergent evolution.

Option (2) Different anatomy, different functions — Incorrect. Organs with different anatomy and different functions have nothing in common here; they are neither homologous nor analogous. Homologous organs always share the same basic anatomy.

Option (3) Different anatomy, similar functions — Incorrect. Different anatomy with a similar function describes analogous organs, such as the wings of a butterfly and of a bird. These arise by convergent evolution.

Option (4) Similar anatomy, similar functions — Incorrect. Homologous organs share one anatomy from a common ancestor but have usually come to do different jobs, as in the forelimbs of whale, bat, cheetah and human. Similar function is not what defines them.

NCERT Extract:
What Are the Evidences for Evolution? – “… For example whales, bats, Cheetah and human (all mammals) share similarities in the pattern of bones of forelimbs (Figure 6.3b). Though these forelimbs perform different functions in these animals, they have similar anatomical structure – all of them have humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges in their forelimbs. Hence, in these animals, the same structure developed along different directions due to adaptations to different needs. This is divergent evolution and these structures are homologous. Homology indicates common ancestry.”