Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.

During anaerobic sludge digestion, bacteria produce a mixture of gases such as methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide. These gases form biogas and can be used as source of energy as it is inflammable. The bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients, is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. You must have noticed that bottled fruit juices bought from the market are clearer as compared to those made at home. This is because the bottled juices are clarified by the use of pectinases and proteases. Statins produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus have been commercialised as blood-cholesterol lowering agents. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol. The BOD test measures the rate of uptake of oxygen by micro-organisms in a sample of water and thus, indirectly, BOD is a measure of the organic matter present in the water.

BOD is a measure of-

Organic matter present in the water

The correct answer is Option (4) → Organic matter present in the water 

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of the amount of oxygen that microorganisms require to decompose the organic matter present in water. It is an indicator of the level of pollution in water. The higher the BOD value, the more polluted the water is, as it indicates a high level of organic waste that requires a greater amount of oxygen for decomposition. The greater the BOD of waste water, more is its polluting potential.