Match the following given in List I with those given in List II:
| List I | List II |
| A. Aqueous solution of \(Na_2SO_4\) | i. Acidic buffer |
| B. Aqueous solution of \(CH_3COONa\) | ii. Acidic solution |
| C. Aqueous solution of \(NH_4Cl\) | iii. Basic solution |
| D. Aqueous solution of \(CH_3COOH\) along with \(NaOH\) | iv. Neutral solution |
Choose the correct option from the options below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is option 2. A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i.
| List I | List II |
| A. Aqueous solution of \(Na_2SO_4\) | iv. Neutral solution |
| B. Aqueous solution of \(CH_3COONa\) | iii. Basic solution |
| C. Aqueous solution of \(NH_4Cl\) | ii. Acidic solution |
| D. Aqueous solution of \(CH_3COOH\) along with \(NaOH\) | i. Acidic buffer |
To match the substances in List I with their correct descriptions in List II, we need to understand the properties of the aqueous solutions of the given compounds.
A. Aqueous solution of \(Na_2SO_4\) (sodium sulfate): iv. Neutral solution
Sodium sulfate (\(Na_2SO_4\)) is a salt derived from a strong acid (sulfuric acid, \(H_2SO_4\)) and a strong base (sodium hydroxide, \(NaOH\)). Such salts typically form neutral solutions because neither the sulfate ion (\(SO_4^{2-}\)) nor the sodium ion (\(Na^+\)) hydrolyze in water.
B. Aqueous solution of \(CH_3COONa\) (sodium acetate): iii. Basic solution
Sodium acetate (\(CH_3COONa\)) is a salt derived from a weak acid (acetic acid, \(CH_3COOH\)) and a strong base (sodium hydroxide, \(NaOH\)). When dissolved in water, the acetate ion (\(CH_3COO^-\)) hydrolyzes to form hydroxide ions (\(OH^-\)), making the solution basic.
C. Aqueous solution of \(NH_4Cl\) (ammonium chloride): ii. Acidic solution
Ammonium chloride (\(NH_4Cl\)) is a salt derived from a weak base (ammonia, \(NH_3\)) and a strong acid (hydrochloric acid, \(HCl\)). When dissolved in water, the ammonium ion (\(NH_4^+\)) hydrolyzes to form hydrogen ions (\(H^+\)), making the solution acidic.
D. Aqueous solution of \(CH_3COOH\) along with \(NaOH\) (acetic acid with sodium hydroxide): i. Acidic buffer
A mixture of acetic acid (\(CH_3COOH\)) and sodium hydroxide (\(NaOH\)) can form an acidic buffer if the amount of \(NaOH\) added is less than the amount of \(CH_3COOH\) present. This forms a buffer solution of acetic acid and its conjugate base, sodium acetate (\(CH_3COONa\)).
The correct option that matches the items from List I with those from List II is: 2. A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i