A force due to which moving objects (wind and water current) tend to deflect to the right in Northern hemisphere and left in Southern hemisphere is known as:

Coriolis force

The correct answer is option 1. Coriolis force.

The Coriolis force is a phenomenon that arises due to the rotation of the Earth. When an object moves over the Earth's surface, it appears to deflect from its straight path due to the Coriolis force. This deflection is to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

To understand this phenomenon, consider an object moving horizontally over the Earth's surface. Because different points on the Earth's surface are rotating at different speeds (faster at the equator and slower at the poles), the object inherits the velocity of the point from which it starts. As the object moves towards the pole (northward in the Northern Hemisphere or southward in the Southern Hemisphere), it encounters points on the Earth's surface that are rotating at progressively slower speeds. Due to the conservation of angular momentum, the object's initial velocity is greater than the velocity of the surface beneath it, causing it to veer to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

The Coriolis force influences the paths of large-scale motions in the atmosphere and oceans, such as wind patterns and ocean currents. It plays a significant role in shaping weather patterns and ocean circulation around the globe.