The correct answer is Option (1) → A, C, B, E, D
A. Eliciting the intrapsychic conflict – The process begins by identifying the underlying unconscious conflicts causing distress.
C. Transference and Interpretation – These are the means of treating the patient. As the unconscious forces are brought into the conscious realm through free association and dream interpretation the client starts identifying the therapist with the authority figures of the past, usually childhood. The therapist may be seen as the punitive father, or as the negligent mother. The therapist maintains a non-judgmental yet permissive attitude and allows the client to continue with this process of emotional identification. This is the process of transference. The therapist encourages this process because it helps her/him in understanding the unconscious conflicts of the client.
B. Resistance – The process of transference is met with resistance. Since the process of transference exposes the unconscious wishes and conflicts, thereby increasing the distress levels, the client resists transference. Due to resistance, the client opposes the progress of therapy in order to protect herself/himself from the recall of painful unconscious memories.
E. Confrontation and Clarification – Confrontation and clarification are the two analytical techniques of interpretation. In confrontation, the therapist points out to the client an aspect of her/his psyche that must be faced by the client. Clarification is the process by which the therapist brings a vague or confusing event into sharp focus. This is done by separating and highlighting important details about the event from unimportant ones. Interpretation is a more subtle process. It is considered to be the pinnacle of psychoanalysis. The therapist uses the unconscious material that has been uncovered in the process of free association, dream interpretation, transference and resistance to make the client aware of the psychic contents and conflicts which have led to the occurrence of certain events, symptoms and conflicts
D. Insight, an outcome of working through – The repeated process of using confrontation, clarification, and inter - pretation is known as working through. Working through helps the patient to understand herself/himself and the source of the problem and to integrate the uncovered material into her/his ego. The outcome of working through is insight.
Note: this question is from old pre-rationalised NCERT. |
