Arrange the following in order of the development of Indian women's struggle for equality. A. Raja Rammohan Roy undertook the campaign against Sati B. Law became a major site for reform against violence. C. Karachi Session of INC committed itself to women's equality D. Dayanand Saraswati stood for women's education based on religious principles Choose the correct answer from the options given below: |
D, A, C, B B, D, C, A A, B, C, D A, D, C, B |
A, D, C, B |
Raja Rammohun Roy’s attempts to reform society, religion and the status of women can be taken as the starting point of nineteenth century social reform in Bengal. A decade before establishing the Brahmo Samaj in 1828, Roy undertook the campaign against “sati” which was the first women’s issue to receive public attention. A trend of drawing upon both modern western ideas as well as the sacred texts characterised Sir Syed Ahmed Khan’s efforts to reform Muslim society. He wanted girls to be educated, but within the precincts of their homes. Like Dayanand Saraswati of the Arya Samaj, he stood for women’s education but sought for a curriculum that included instruction in religious principles, training in the arts of housekeeping and handicrafts and rearing of children. In 1931, the Karachi Session of the Indian National Congress issued a declaration on the Fundamental Rights of Citizenship in India whereby it committed itself to women’s equality. Two decades after Independence, women’s issues re-emerged in the 1970s. In the nineteenth century reform movements, the emphasis had been on the backward aspects of tradition like sati, child marriage, or the ill treatment of widows. In the 1970s, the emphasis was on ‘modern’ issues – the rape of women in police custody, dowry murders, the representation of women in popular media, and the gendered consequences of unequal development. The law was a major site for reform in the 1980s and after, specially when it was discovered that many laws of concern to women had not been changed since the 19th century. |