A solid substance has been given a specific amount of energy to directly change its phase to gas state. This process is termed as:

Sublimation

The correct answer is Option (4) → Sublimation

• Sublimation is the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas without passing through the liquid state.
• Examples: Iodine, dry ice (solid CO₂).

Other options:

• Evaporation → liquid to gas
• Transpiration → water loss from plants
• Condensation → gas to liquid