Who is NOT associated with the trait approach of personality?

Sheldon

The correct answer is Option (3) → Sheldon

Costa and McCrae, Allport, and Cattell are well-known for their work in the trait approach to personality, which focuses on identifying and measuring stable personality characteristics. 

Sheldon is known for his typological approach to personality, which categorized individuals into three somatotypes (body types):

1. Endomorphs (plump, relaxed, sociable)

2. Mesomorphs (muscular, energetic, assertive)

3. Ectomorphs (thin, introverted, intellectual)