Which among the following Acts introduced the Diarchy, i.e. rule of two which means executive councillors and popular ministers?

Montague - Chelmsford Reform (Government of India Act), 1919

The correct answer is Option 3- Montague - Chelmsford Reform (Government of India Act), 1919

- The Montague-Chelmsford Reforms, also known as the Government of India Act 1919, were a significant constitutional reform introduced by the British government in India.

- The reforms were named after the two key officials involved in their formulation - Edwin Montague, the Secretary of State for India, and Lord Chelmsford, the Viceroy of India at the time.

- The provinces were divided into two categories - transferred subjects and reserved subjects.

- Transferred subjects were areas of administration over which elected Indian ministers had control, while reserved subjects remained under the control of the British-appointed Governor. This system was known as "dyarchy."

- While the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms represented a step towards increased Indian participation in governance, they fell short of providing full responsible government and complete self-rule.

- The struggle for independence and demands for greater political rights continued, leading to further constitutional changes and eventually culminating in India's independence in 1947.