Match List I with List II

Choose the correct answers from the options given below:

A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

The correct answer is option 2. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I.

(A) Carbylamine reaction : (IV) mixture of primary, secondary and tertiary amines:

The Carbylamine Reaction involves the reaction of a primary amine with chloroform (\(CHCl_3\)) and a base (like potassium hydroxide, \(KOH\)). The reaction yields a foul-smelling compound called a carbylamine (also known as an isocyanide or isocyanide).

Chemical Equation:

\(\text{R-NH}_2 + \text{CHCl}_3 + \text{2KOH} \rightarrow \text{R-NC} + \text{2KCl} + \text{2H}_2\text{O}\)

Purpose and Use:

This reaction is used to test for the presence of primary amines. The formation of a foul-smelling carbylamine is a positive test for primary amines.

(B) Gabriel Phthalimide synthesis : (II) formation of foul smelling substances: 

Gabriel Phthalimide Synthesis is a method used to synthesize primary amines. It involves the reaction of phthalimide with an alkyl halide, followed by hydrolysis or hydrazinolysis.

Chemical Equation:

\(\text{Phthalimide} + \text{R-X} \rightarrow \text{N-R (primary amine)}\)

Phthalimide is first alkylated to form a N-alkylphthalimide intermediate. This intermediate is then hydrolyzed (or treated with hydrazine) to produce the primary amine and phthalic acid.

Purpose and Use:

This synthesis method specifically yields only primary amines. It’s a key reaction in organic synthesis for preparing primary amines in a controlled manner.

(C) Hofmann Bromamide reaction : (III) formation of only primary amine:

The Hofmann Bromamide Reaction involves the treatment of an amide with bromine (\(Br_2\)) and a base (like sodium hydroxide, \(NaOH\)). This reaction results in the formation of a primary amine with one carbon atom fewer than the original amide.

Chemical Equation:

\(\text{R-CONH}_2 + \text{Br}_2 + \text{2NaOH} \rightarrow \text{R-NH}_2 + \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 + \text{2NaBr}\)

This reaction is used to degrade amides to amines with one fewer carbon atom. The reaction can yield a mixture of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, depending on the starting amide and conditions.

(D) Ammonolysis : (I) forms amine with lesser number of carbon atoms

Ammonolysis involves the reaction of an organic halide with ammonia. This reaction can lead to the formation of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines depending on the number of equivalents of ammonia used.

Chemical Equation:

\(\text{R-X} + \text{NH}_3 \rightarrow \text{R-NH}_2 + \text{NH}_4\text{X}\)

The reaction starts with the formation of a primary amine. If excess ammonia is used, the primary amine can further react to form secondary and tertiary amines.

Purpose and Use:

Ammonolysis can produce a mixture of amines, making it useful in generating various amine products.

Summary of Matches:

(A) Carbylamine Reaction: (II) Formation of foul-smelling substances — Carbylamine formation is characterized by its foul odor.

(B) Gabriel Phthalimide Synthesis: (III) Formation of only primary amine — The reaction selectively produces primary amines.

(C) Hofmann Bromamide Reaction: (I) Forms amine with lesser number of carbon atoms — The reaction reduces the carbon count of the starting amide.

(D) Ammonolysis : (IV) Mixture of primary, secondary and tertiary amines — This reaction can produce various amines depending on the conditions.

Thus the correct answer is option 2: A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV